There have been a few topics on this matter, so let's make it clear.
Best practice
For the sake of IE compatibility, use an ICO format. It must contain at least 16 pixels by 16 pixels and no more than 256 colours. You should add 32*32, 48*48, 128*128, etc etc icons for people who want to shortcut your site on their desktop. It is also ideal to name it favicon and have it in the root directory of your site. Some older browsers supported favicon by finding the file in the root directory but did not read the link tag for it.
The code
HTML Code:
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" href="favicon.ico">
This will make it appear on all supporting browsers.
Alternatives
If you're not worried about it displaying in IE then you can use one of three formats: ICO, GIF or PNG. PNG is possibly your best bet, but if you want it animated go for GIF. PNG is supported at 32 bits on Firefox 2, Opera 9 and Safari 3 (Windows). To use GIF or PNG you should change the type to either image/gif or image/png.
For additional and up to date information on the favicon, check Wikipedia.
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