www2 appears to be a system which Google have put in place where the new index is 'tested' before being rolled out to the main Google page, so basically you can search on the new index a few days before it is actually available to the public.
As for it being another server, I'm not quite sure how they do this (your question got me thinking about this a bit). I really don't understand at all how they can have two indexes!
Some figures.
In 'The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine' ( http://www7.scu.edu.au/programme/ful...21/com1921.htm) which was written before Google became a full search engine, there were the following figures:
Pages Indexed: 24 million
Total Data Stored: 108.7GB
Now, going by Google's home page they now have just over 2 billion pages indexed, so that would be just over 9TB of storage. Admitedly they may have been able to compress it better since then, but I find it hard to believe that they would operate two indexes that size.
That was probably all totally unrelated to the topic, but the document certainly makes interesting reading.
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